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International Solidarity Committee of the Norwegian Labour Movement [Arbeiderbevegelsens Internasjonale Støttekomité]

The International Solidarity Committee of the Norwegian Labour Movement was a solidarity committee organised under the Norwegian Confederation of Trade Unions, supporting and working with international solidarity and union issues. The Norwegian Trade Union movement was one of the key movements in Norway supporting the liberation struggle in Southern Africa. AIS worked closely with the International Confederation of Free Trade Unions (ICFTU)

National Archives United Kingdom

Written by Nadine Gordimer- Biographies of Rivonia Trialists ( April 1964)
Nelson Mandela speech from the dock ( scheduled for 20th April) Analysis of the Rivonia Trial (8 April 1964) Rivonia trial- Notes from Ethiopian Ministry of Foreign affairs (10 April 1964)
Nigerian government's concern for the Rivonia accused - Notes (10 April 1964)
Potential intervention by the British government-Discussions (various n.d.)
Possible intervention by German government in Rivonia trial - Note (16 April 1964)
Rivonia trial defence- Newspaper articles ( various April 1964)
Kenyan's government's anxiety about Rivonia trail- Note (n.d)
African leaders plan on demonstrations if Nelson Mandela is executed -Notes ( 7 May 1964)
Ethiopia asks for Belgium to exert pressure on South African government - Note (6 may 1964)
Nelson Mandela's speaking in Addis Ababa- exhibit R13 in the Rivonia trial
Notes on Nelson Mandela ( May 1963)
Notes on Bram Fischer's defence statement Notes ( 20 April 1964)
The likely outcome of the Rivonia trial Discussion document (n.d.)
" The Revolutionary way out"
Statement of the SACO (n.d.)
"Should the British Prime Minister send a private message to Verwoed about Rivonia?"
Correspondence ( 7 May 1964; reply on 14 May saying it would be inadvisable)
Letter enclosing Nelson Mandela's statement from the dock. Correspondence from (6 May 1964)
Van den Bergh of Boss does not expect a death sentence to be passed in the Rivonia trail
Note 20 May 1964.

International Oil Working Group

The IOWG worked towards the implementation of the oil embargo as initiated by the UN General Assembly. It grew out of the Sanctions Working Group, which was established in 1979. IOWD researched topics relating to the oil embargo, monitored tanker movements, gave testimonies at UN meetings, and distributed information. The organisation closed down in 1987.

National Archives United Kingdom

Winnie and Nelson Mandela
Correspondence from A Fleming to British Prime Minister James Callaghan ((14 August 1976). Political situation in South Africa - refers to Winnie and Nthato Motlana seeking an interdict in restraining Mr. Shabangu of Soweto, UCB from molesting children and property.

National Archives United Kingdom

Nelson Mandela's life sentence
Reactions various 1963. Foreign reaction to the Rivonia trial judgment and sentences. Statement in parliament by H.F. Verwoerd (16 June 1964). Rivonia trial judgment ( includes newspaper cuttings). Correspondence ( 16 June 1964)
Rivonia trial sentence Summary from press articles (1964)
Question whether the British government should ask the South African government to reduce the life sentences handed down in the Rivonia trial.
Correspondence ( 26 June 1964)
Libyan embassy in London will ask the UK secretary of state to intervene and have the Rivonia trial life sentences reduced.
Report ( 15 June 1964) The U.S. state department will not ask for a reduction in the Rivonia trial.
Correspondence Internal British foreign office (27 June 1964) Secretary of the state talking about the RivoniaSpeech to the House of Commons ( July 1964) The Canadian Ambassador asks that the Rivonia trial sentences be reduced
Report (22 July 1964) Rivonia trial accused decide not to appeal Report (27 July 1964)
The German government approaches South Africa about the Rivonia trial sentences
Report ( 2 September 1964) Book on Rivonia trial by Judge De Villiers
Report (24 September 1964)

Commonwealth Office

Records of the Commonwealth Office and Foreign Commonwealth Office: Southern African Department and predecessors includes material on the Treatment of prisoners including Nelson Mandela in South Africa

International Labour Organisation

The ILO is a specialised agency of the UN, and was founded in 1919 to work for the betterment of people in their place of work under conditions of freedom, equity, security and human dignity. It organised numerous conferences on South Africa and apartheid and was active on boycott issues related to workers’ rights.

46664 Sound and Film Collection

This collection is made up of all the videos, audio and photographic material from the 46664 campaigns, concerts and birthday messages to Nelson Mandela. The first concert was held at Green Point Stadium in Cape Town, South Africa on the 23 of November 2003. The second concert was held at Fancourt country club and golf estate in George, Western Cape, South Africa in 2005. The third was a two day Festival in Spain Madrid. The fourth one was held in London Hyde Park in 2008. The fifth one was held in Johannesburg, Ellis Park as a 46664 HIV and AIDS awareness campaign on the 1st of December2007. In 2009 the concert was held at the Radio city hall in New York, the celebration included Nelson Mandela's birthday celebration and the launch of the international Mandela day as July 18th was recognised as a day dedicated to serve others in ones community.
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46664

National Archives United Kingdom

Terrorism trial of Essop et al. Report ( 1972)
Arrest of Moumbaris et al- Report (1972)
Ahmed Timol inquest - Report (1972)
Release from Robben Island of M.D. Naidoo after having served his five-year sentence- Report (1972) Winnie Mandela breaking banning orders- Correspondence ( 28 April 1972) Mrs. Winnie Mandela' s brother in law had bought her groceries for her, when she went to the door to fetch them she was arrested for contravening her banning order : Mrs. Mandela wins appeal over grocery list case. Newspaper article from The Time London ( 26 April 1976).Prisoners study privileged. Correspondence from Lord Lothian to Dennis Healy (25 February 1972)
South Africa n government refusal to give Shantie Naidoo ' a passport to leave the country and refers it her refusal to testify against Winnie Mandela. Report from the U. N. Unit on Apartheid ( January 1972) Refusal for permission to study. Correspondence from the Commissioner of Prisons (Steyn) to the British Ambassador Arthur Shelley ( February 1972)

International Defense and Aid Fund for Southern Africa- United States Committee

The US-IDAF was established in 1972. In addition to raising funds for legal defense of prisoners and aid for their dependents, it also disseminated information about conditions in Southern Africa and supported boycotts and other solidarity actions. It grew out of the International Defence and Aid Fund (IDAF). US-IDAF executive director Kenneth N. Carstens was also instrumental in the establishment of the Canadian IDAF.

National Archives United Kingdom

Death sentence in Rivonia trial "unlikely"
Note (4 June 1964)
Upcoming judgment and sentence in the Rivonia trial
Note (2 June 1964)
The Australian representative to South Africa has been instructed to register his government's concern over the Rivonia trial.
Note (9 June 1964)
U.K. should abstain in the vote on the Rivonia resolution by Ivory Coast and Morocco unless is amended ( Add as that America will also abstain)
Note ( 10 June 1964)
Verdicts in the Rivonia trial
Telegram (11 June 1964)
Analysis of evidence at the Rivonia trial
Report ( 10 June 1964)
Decision to defer any attempt by the U.S. to get a reduction in Rivonia trail sentences until the defence has lodged an appeal.
Note ( 14 June 1964)
Unsigned copy of the Rivonia trial judgment
Judgment: Rivonia trial (15 June 1964)

International Defence and Aid Fund for Southern Africa Canada : [Part 3]

The International Defence and Aid Fund for Southern Africa Canada (IDAF Canada) operated from 1980-1990. It focused mainly on raising funds to support political prisoners and their families in South Africa and Namibia. US-IDAF executive director Kenneth N. Carstens was instrumental in the establishment of the Canadian IDAF.

National Archives United Kingdom

The Summary of the opening of the trial against Neville Alexander et all. Report (13 November 1963)
The escape of Bob Hepple. Telegram ( 28 November 1963. Prison conditions with affidavits from Bernstein, Goldberg, Motsoaledi, Mbeki, Kathrada and Sisulu. Report (21 November 1963. Rivonia trial Newspaper articles (November 1963). Note from Mitford to the British consulate general requesting for political trials that might seriously affect the Rivonia trial closely monitored. Note ( 5 December 1963). Visit by John Arnold Q.C. a leading conservative barrister in London ( includes a summary of proceedings). Report (13 December 1963). Arrest, assault and torture of Isaac Tale of the ANC at the hands of security police who wanted him to testify against the Rivonia accused. Police claimed to him that Joe Slovo bought Nelson Mandela and Sisulu with money from the communists. Report/Affidavit ( no date) Report of John Arnold Q.C. at the international commission of Jurists on his visit to South Africa and includes a comment that he believed the Rivonia trial judge was fair and partial. Report (16 December 1963). Rivonia trial. Various news articles ( December 1963)

International Defence and Aid Fund for Southern Africa Canada : [Part 2]

The International Defence and Aid Fund for Southern Africa Canada (IDAF Canada) operated from 1980-1990. It focused mainly on raising funds to support political prisoners and their families in South Africa and Namibia. US-IDAF executive director Kenneth N. Carstens was instrumental in the establishment of the Canadian IDAF.

National Archives United Kingdom

David Astor correspondence to the British Ambassador Sir John Maud thanking him for helping him to get the books to Nelson Mandela (13 October 1962.) John Maud’s correspondence to David Astor confirming receipt the of Nelson Mandela letter's receiving the books (4 October 1962). Enclosed is a receipt from Nelson Mandela for the books (2 October 1962). Hand written note from Nelson Mandela confirming that he received the books via the embassy (14 September 1962). Correspondence from the resident commissioner , Mafikeng to the High commission, Cape Town. Nelson Mandela travels ( 20 January 1962). Correspondence from the High Commission in Cape Town to the Secretary of State Colonies. Arrival of Mandela in Lobatse and a charter to fly him to Tanganyika paid by a bank in Dar es Salaam (22 January 1962)

Astor, David

International Defence and Aid Fund for Southern Africa Canada : [Part 1]

The International Defence and Aid Fund for Southern Africa Canada (IDAF Canada) operated from 1980-1990. It focused mainly on raising funds to support political prisoners and their families in South Africa and Namibia. US-IDAF executive director Kenneth N. Carstens was instrumental in the establishment of the Canadian IDAF.

National Archives United Kingdom

Embassy's role in getting books from Astor to Mandela "In the long run we may get some goodwill from Nelson Mandela for having helped him. Letter from Dunrossil, British Embassy in Pretoria. (7 December 1962). Rev. Charles Hooper in Swaziland was taking care of sons of Nelson Mandela and Walter Sisulu. Confidential note from Major Steward. House arrest papers served on Ahmed Kathrada for attending the Nelson Mandela trial and then ordered to immediately return to Johannesburg. Includes a copy of Mandela's opening remarks (23 October 1962). Sabotage attempts in and around Durban thought likely to be the " Free Mandela Campaign Telegram 18 October 1962.

British Embassy, Pretoria

International Defence and Aid Fund for Southern Africa : [Part 2]

IDAF started in 1956 as Christian Action, later becoming the British Defence and Aid Fund which started its work with the 1956 Treason Trial in South Africa. IDAF became an international organisation in 1965. The South African Defence and Aid Fund was banned in 1966. Over the years, many national affiliates and branches were set-up. It smuggled millions of pounds into South Africa to defend thousands of political activists and provided aid to their families. It paid lawyers to defend political detainees and provided financial support families of political prisoners. It published numerous books and films on repression in South Africa.

International Defence and Aid Fund for Southern Africa : [Part 1]

IDAF started in 1956 as Christian Action, later becoming the British Defence and Aid Fund which started its work with the 1956 Treason Trial in South Africa. IDAF became an international organisation in 1965. The South African Defence and Aid Fund was banned in 1966. Over the years, many national affiliates and branches were set-up. It smuggled millions of pounds into South Africa to defend thousands of political activists and provided aid to their families. It paid lawyers to defend political detainees and provided financial support families of political prisoners. It published numerous books and films on repression in South Africa.

Records of the Rivonia Trial

Records of the State vs. Nelson Mandela and nine others (Walter Sisulu, Dennis Goldberg, Govan Mbeki, Ahmed Kathrada, Lionel Bernstein, Raymond Mhlaba, James Kantor, Elias Motsoaledi and Andrew Mlangeni).

Supreme Court of South Africa

International Council for Equality of Opportunity Principles

The ICEOP was founded in 1977 to promote social justice in South Africa. Reverend LH Sullivan devised a set of principles for companies conducting business in South Africa. This voluntary business code became known as the ‘Sullivan Principles’. The code required an annual independent evaluation of individual business activities in South Africa. The results were published in the public domain. The American Committee on Africa (ACOA) and other anti-apartheid organisations disapproved of the ‘Sullivan Principles’ since it provided companies with a way out of the boycott.

Gion Poltera Collection

Papers relating to the conferment of the Freedom of Howick on President Nelson Mandela, 12 December 1996. The collection includes speeches given by Nelson Mandela, programmes, menus, guest lists, circulars and cuttings.

Poltera, Gion

Randolph Vigne Collection

PC 86/1/1/2/1-34
Peter Brown Correspondence

PC 86/7/1/2/6
Mandela's arrest- Letter to Randolph Vigne from Stephen Ellis ( 24th September 1992) who sent a photocopy of a newspaper cutting from the Atlanta Journal (10 June 1990) claiming that a CIA tip led to the arrest of Nelson Mandela.

PC 86/9/1/8/1
Lists of names of former activists to invite to Veteran party, London, 1994- List sent by Randolph to Manny -5 July 1995

PC86/9/1/8/3
Programme for President's birthday party- Durban City Hall 15/06/1996

PC86/9/1/11/1
The men on Robben Island an article by Mary Benson in the Guardian,10 August 1964

PC86/9/1/11/2
"I speak of Freedom" review of No easy way to Freedom on The Times Literary Supplement -29 July 1965

PC86/19/2/19
" Once it witnessed Apartheid slaughter: Yesterday Sharpeville saw a spirit if peace". The independent,11 December 1996. Report on the speech by President Mandela at the signing of the constitution in Sharpeville.

PC 86/9/1/8/3
Progammme for the President's birthday party, Durban City Hall 15/06/1996.

PC86/9/1/11/1
The men on Robben Island by Mary Benson, Guardian 10 August 1964

Vigne, Randolph

International Confederation of Free Trade Unions

The ICFTU was an international trade union founded in London in 1949 by unions opposing growing communist control of the World Federation of Trade Unions (WFTU). Its activities on South Africa were organised through the Coordination Committee on Southern Africa and the International Solidarity Fund Committee. ICFTU was dissolved in 2006 when it merged with the World Confederation of Labour (WCL) to form the International Trade Union Confederation (ITUC).

Alan Paton Collection

PC1/1
Biographies published on the newspapers, notes and typescripts on Nelson and Winnie Mandela

PC1/1/17/12
Annotations of the Rivonia trial statement by Alan Paton and Rivonia trial statement by Nelson Mandela 1964

PC 1/5/10/1
Correspondence with Winnie Mandela on Chancellorship of UN

PC 1/5/18/1
Letter to PW Both published on the Sunday Tribune 30/3/1980

PC1/9/7/2/5
Letter from Alan Paton to Mrs. Winnie Mandela at Brandford,6 August 1983 on the Chancellorship of the University of Natal

PC 1/9/12
Letter on black leaders in constitutional talks where Mandela was excluded 15/5/1980.

PC 1/9/13
Newspaper articles on Nelson Mandela.

Alan Paton enclosed a cutting from the Sunday Tribune, 7 August 1983 confirming that. He apologises to her bad treatment she had received from the rulers of South Africa.

Paton, Alan

Inter-Church Coalition on Africa

The main focus of the Inter-Church Coalition on Africa (ICCAF) was on human rights and social justice. It coordinated the activities of the Canadian churches against apartheid. The ICCAF has been involved in anti-apartheid activities since the 1980s. In 2001 it merged with a number of other organisations to form KAIROS Canada.

Liberal Party Archives

PC2/3/3/1
National Office correspondence 1952-1959: Correspondence on Elections, funding, overseas press liaison, LPSA policies, meeting plus Nelson Mandela's article in Liberation criticising LPSA.

PC 2/4/6/4
Signed letter from Nelson Mandela as Hon. Secretary of the All in Africa National Council, 22.05.1961

PC 2/4/16/2
Rivonia trial June 1964. State vs. Nelson Mandela and others. Section SV6 of the trial. Evidence and
address in Mitigation of sentence by Alan Paton

Description of Alan Paton 's evidence and address( seems to be a typed chapter from a book)

Paton, Alan

Institute of African Studies [Instituto de Estudos Africanos de Rio de Janeiro]

The Institute of African Studies (INEAFRIC) started in 1981 and participated in United Nations activities to support the independence of Namibia and the elimination of apartheid in South Africa. Its work led to the formation of COMAFRICA. It provided academic research and debate in the field of international relations and organised seminars.

Peter Brown Collection

PC16/5/
Correspondence with the Mandela family includes correspondence with Winnie Mandela, Rennie Mandela, Zindziswa Mandela and invitation from Nelson Mandela to the veterans of the struggle 1979.

PC 16/14/2
Correspondence from Adrian Kubler, International Committee of the Red Cross Dependents to Peter Brown of the regarding Winnie Mandela's visit Pollsmoor prison.
Press cuttings - conditions in jails, Nelson Mandela, Winnie Mandela, Release Mandela

PC 16/20
Press cuttings on the conditions of jails in South Africa, the release of Nelson Mandela, liberalism, Winnie Mandela and Stompie Seipei and 1994 elections.

Paton, Alan

Angela Ing Papers

A photocopy of a card from Nelson Mandela, dated 23 December 1988 to Angela Ing, a Cape Town-based physiotherapist, who treated Nelson Mandela over a period of several weeks when he had tuberculosis.

Ing, Angela

Institute for Security Studies

The ISS has worked with the OAU and has, amongst others, released a CD-ROM containing all OAU Council of Ministers and Summit decisions, declarations and commitments from 1963 to 2001. The CD also contains the key documents for the following regional organisations: SADC, ECOWAS, IGAD and COMESA. It is a work in progress, and will be updated with documents from other sub-regional organisations and more recent documentation, as it becomes available.

Institute for Policy Studies

IPS was a Washington based progressive think-tank concerned with the promotion of democracy, justice, human rights and diversity. It became active on anti-apartheid in the 1980s.

African National Congress (ANC) Collection

PC31/1/3/1/2
Mandela for President- ANC election poster; and other ANC posters; 40th Anniversary of 1956 Women's March: includes Winnie Mandela poster.

African National Congress (ANC)

Impact Visuals

Impact Visuals was a cooperative photo agency dedicated to social documentary photography. It started in 1964 and operated till 2001. Most of the archive comes from Afrapix, a now-dissolved South African collective of freelance photographers. Although most of the collection containing photographs, slides and negatives come from South Africa, it also covers other countries.

Nelson Mandela Portrait Collection

Individual and group portraits of South African activist, leader and former political prisoner, Nelson Mandela, taken in 1990 during his visits to New York City and Stockholm, Sweden. The collection consists of: Close-up portraits of Nelson Mandela with New York City Mayor, David Dinkins, at Gracie Mansion and at a Harlem rally. Mandela meeting with African National Congress leader, Oliver Tambo, and the Reverend Jesse Jackson in Stockholm. Mandela sparring with South African boxing champion, Jerry Moloi, during the Treason Trial in 1957.
Photographers include Chester Higgins and Bob Gosani.

Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture (Photographs and Prints Division)

National Security Archive Declassified Document Set

Memoranda, reports, statements, cables and project statements covering the following:
United States Embassy (South Africa) reports that the African National Congress (ANC) was created to carry out sabotage, stating that the arrest of Nelson Mandela occurred after he planned subversive activities (1962). A memorandum issued by the Summit Conference of Independent African States held in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia (1963), agreeing to provide funding to help South African liberation movements and calling for the release from prison of Nelson Mandela, Robert Sobukwe and all other political prisoners. A memorandum on the Rivonia Trial providing biographical information on the Rivonia Trialists, and in which Nelson Mandela argues that opposition groups resorted to armed struggle only after avenues for peaceful change were blocked (1964). A report in which ANC and Pan Africanist Congress (PAC) leaders, including Nelson Mandela, Michael Harmel and Walter Sisulu are described as Communists, and documents presented during the Rivonia Trial are cited as evidence of the contacts between the ANC, PAC, the Communist Party of the Soviet Union and the Communist Party of the People's Republic of China (1964). A memorandum of conversation in which Cecil Eprile characterises black leaders like Nelson Mandela as careless and prone to bad judgment (1965). A cable relating to Resolution 473 of the United Nations Security Council urging South Africa to release all political prisoners, including Nelson Mandela (1980). Biographic sketch information on Nelson Mandela provided by the US Department of State (1983). A cable on the awarding of the international Simon Bolivar prize to Nelson Mandela by the United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO) (1983). Correspondence to the South African Ambassador to the United States, calling for the release of Nelson Mandela (1984). A cable about the Johannesburg Star Newspaper reports that the arrest of Nelson Mandela 25 years ago occurred after he was betrayed by a US Central Intelligence Agency agent posing as a diplomat of the United States Consulate General in Durban (1986). A statement in which Chester A. Crocker calls for the release of Nelson Mandela (1986). A report in which the US Department of State Secretary of State's Advisory Committee on South Africa asserts that the first steps taken by South Africa must be the release of Nelson Mandela, Walter Sisulu, Govan Mbeki and all other political prisoners (1987).

US State Department

Human Rights Watch

Human Rights Watch began in 1978 as Helsinki Watch (HW), a monitoring group of compliance by the former Soviet Union and communist bloc countries with the human rights provision of the 1975 Helsinki Final Act. It later extended its activities to other regions of the world, including Africa. It produces research reports on violations of human rights and pressurises governments and international organisations.

Human Rights Internet

The HRI in Ottawa has been serving as an unofficial repository for the documentation of NGOs throughout the world. It makes a vast amount of material available and brings together a wide variety of reports on human rights issues, which would otherwise be very difficult to locate, obtain and consult. The collection which HRI has amassed over the years includes publications by more than 350 NGOs, and includes a number of AAMs.

Nelson Mandela: Prisoner, president, peacemaker

Nelson Rholihlahla Mandela's life began in a tiny village in South Africa, which he describes as "removed from the world of great events." It was the start of a life that would not only take part in great events, but help shape them. His extraordinary life has led him from being branded a terrorist in his own country and a 27-year imprisonment to taking office as South Africa's first democratically elected president and becoming an international symbol of peace and social justice.

CBC Digital Archives

Mandela and seven colleagues imprisoned

Nelson Mandela and seven colleagues face life imprisonment in South Africa." That's the fate of eight African National Congress leaders, tried for 221 acts of sabotage designed to violently overthrow South Africa's apartheid government. The trial lasted eight months and attracted worldwide attention. In this 1964 radio report from CBC National News, reporter Patrick Keatley is in London to explain why the defendants likely avoided a death sentence.

Nelson Mandela and seven colleagues face life imprisonment in South Africa." The eight African National Congress leaders, tried for 221 acts of sabotage designed to violently overthrow South Africa's apartheid government. The trial lasted eight months and attracted worldwide attention. In this 1964 radio report from CBC National News, reporter Patrick Keatley is in London to explain why the defendants likely avoided a death sentence. "The sentence of life imprisonment is a deft stroke by the nationalist government," he concludes. "Certainly it thrusts aside some of the tremendous world horror and political pressure which otherwise would have immediately built up against South Africa."
Mandela and seven colleagues imprisoned
The Rivonia trial was named after the suburb of Johannesburg where 19 African National Congress leaders were arrested at Liliesleaf Farm on July 11, 1963. Mandela was already in custody, having been sentenced to five years in prison in October 1962 for inciting a workers' strike a year earlier.
• At Liliesleaf, the South African government discovered documents belonging to the group Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK), a military wing of the ANC. They described plans for attack and guerrilla warfare.
• Several ANC leaders used Liliesleaf as a hideout, and Nelson Mandela himself moved there in 1961. Using the name David Motsamayi (meaning "the walker") he evaded police by masquerading as a cook and gardener. The farm was owned by co-defendant Arthur Golderich, a South African abstract painter and a key figure in the anti-apartheid movement.
• In addition to Mandela, the other ANC leaders charged were Walter Sisulu, Govan Mbeki, Raymond Mhlaba, Andrew Mlangeni, Elias Motsoaledi, Ahmed Kathrada, Billy Nair, Denis Goldberg, Lionel "Rusty" Bernstein, Bob Hepple, Harold Wolpe, James "Jimmy" Kantor and Golderich.
• This CBC Radio clip notes that six of the defendants were black, but this appears to be incorrect. Goldberg, Bernstein, Hepple and Golderich were white Jews, while Nair and Kathrada were Indian. This leaves five men - Mandela, Sisulu, Mbeki, Motsoaledi and Mhlaba - who were black
• Those found guilty on all four counts were Mandela, Sisulu, Mbeki, Motsoaledi, Mlangeni, Goldberg and Mhlaba. Kathrada was found guilty on one count of conspiracy. Bernstein was acquitted but was rearrested, released on bail and placed under house arrest. He later fled the country.
• Hendrik Frensch Verwoerd (mentioned in this clip as Dr. Verwoerd) was prime minister of South Africa from 1958 until his assassination in 1966. He is called the "Architect of Apartheid" because he broadened existing policies that restricted the black Bantu African nationals' mobility while he was minister of native affairs in the early 1950s. In September 1966, he was stabbed four times in the chest by a uniformed parliamentary messenger names Dmitri Tsafendas. The motive for the murder was unclear.

CBC National News

Hoover Institution, Stanford University

The Hoover Institution at Stanford University holds a substantial collection of materials related to South Africa. Its South African subject collection contains documents, campaign materials, press clippings, photographs and other audio-visual materials covering several countries and international organisations involved in the anti-apartheid struggle.

South African Sanctions Lifted

It's a turning point in South Africa's turbulent history. In light of that nation's progress towards ending apartheid, African National Congress leader Nelson Mandela has asked the world to lift economic sanctions against his country.

CBC Digital Archives

Holland Committee on Southern Africa [Komitee Zuiderlijk Afrika] : [Part 2]

The KZA existed from 1976 till 1996. It continued the work of the Angola Committee which started in 1961 in support of the liberation movements in the Portuguese colonies. It fundraised for material support to the liberation movements. One of its big campaigns was the oil boycott, mainly directed against (Royal Dutch) Shell. It bought shares in order to be able to attend shareholders meetings where it could pressure Shell to withdraw from South Africa. It initiated the formation of the Shipping Research Bureau, together with Kairos, and was part of the Liaison Group. The KZA merged with the AABN and the EMF in 1997 to form NIZA.

In South Africa with Nelson Mandela

Interview with Nelson Mandela released after spending 27 years in prison. Barbara Frum interviews Nelson Mandela. Frum is moved by Nelson Mandela' dignity and stature

Holland Committee on Southern Africa [Komitee Zuiderlijk Afrika] : [Part 1]

The KZA existed from 1976 till 1996. It continued the work of the Angola Committee which started in 1961 in support of the liberation movements in the Portuguese colonies. It fundraised for material support to the liberation movements. One of its big campaigns was the oil boycott, mainly directed against (Royal Dutch) Shell. It bought shares in order to be able to attend shareholders meetings where it could pressure Shell to withdraw from South Africa. It initiated the formation of the Shipping Research Bureau, together with Kairos, and was part of the Liaison Group. The KZA merged with the AABN and the EMF in 1997 to form NIZA.

The end of Apartheid

South Africa's era as an international pariah is over. Tonight, Canada and other nations lift most of the remaining sanctions against South Africa, and welcome it back into the international community. They do so at the behest of Nelson Mandela and President F.W. de Klerk, who ask world leaders to recognize the progress South Africa has made on its journey towards multiracial democracy. Fundraising in order to pave the way for free and democratic South Africa and to avoid "another Somalia, another Bosnia."

Nelson Mandela addresses Canadian Parliament

After 27 years in prison, the world's most famous political prisoner is free. Nelson Mandela, vice President of the African National Congress, is released from prison on February 11, 1990 and plunges into an international campaign to end apartheid in his native South Africa. Four months later, Mandela travels to Canada and delivers a speech at a joint session of Parliament.

Health and Refugee Trust of South Africa

The Health and Refugee Trust of South Africa was established in 1988. The prime objective of HEART was the provision of health and welfare to the tens of thousands of South African refugees during the apartheid regime. They sought to actively promote health education, immunisation, nutrition, and provision of essential drugs, water and sanitation and treatment of common diseases.

Hazel Rose Jones

Hazel Rose Jones was a lifelong campaigner for social justice who became a leading activist of the Anti-Apartheid Movement in Australia. In 1960 the Sharpeville massacre impelled Jones to the forefront of anti-apartheid activism. In 1967 she became a founding member of Friends of Africa in Sydney. She joined the Executive Committee of the Southern Africa Defence and Aid Fund (SADAF) in December 1970. She served as both Honorary Secretary of SADAF and of its successor, Community Aid Abroad (Australia) (CAASA).

Nelson Mandela released

For 27 years, six months and six days Nelson Mandela was a prisoner and a symbol of Apartheid's oppression. Today, he is a free man and the world is celebrating. From Soweto's giant party, to exiles, to the prime minister's office on Parliament Hill, CBC reporters capture the global festivities.

ANC legalised Mandela to be released

South African president F.W. de Klerk shocked the world with the announcement that the government will lift the ban on the African National Congress (ANC) and free imprisoned ANC leader Nelson Mandela. Apartheid system remains for now, but South Africans are jubilant with this dramatic break from the past and the promise a new South Africa.

Hannah Stanton

Hannah Stanton was a missionary and anti-apartheid activist who worked in South Africa and the UK. Following the increased violence and activities of the South African police, culminating in the Sharpeville Massacre of 21 March 1960, she found herself under surveillance. On 30 March 1960 she was arrested and held without charge, and without access to a lawyer until 21 May 1960, when she was deported to the UK. During this time she was held at Pretoria Central Gaol, where she shared a cell with Helen Joseph. After her deportation she became involved in various anti-apartheid campaigns, including those of the AAM.

California Lavender Smokefree Project

Collection of materials consists mainly of periodical articles about the social effects of tobacco.
Includes an article entitled, "Nelson Mandela: Marlboro Man."

California Lavender Smokefree Project

Hampshire College Committee for the Liberation of Southern Africa

The Hampshire College Committee for the Liberation of Southern Africa (HCCLSA) was a student organisation that campaigned to get Hampshire College to divest from companies doing business in South Africa. As a result, in 1976, Hampshire College became the first college in the country to divest from companies in South Africa. HCCLSA was involved in the formation of the Northeast Committee for the Liberation of Southern Africa, a coalition of organisations working for divestment of mostly organisations on college campuses.

World Bank Group Archives Photographic Collection

A collection of images of Nelson Mandela's visit to the World Bank and his meeting with World Bank President Lewis T. Preston and other officials in 1991, as well as an image of Nelson Mandela with World Bank President James D. Wolfensohn during a visit in 1999/2000.

World Bank

Halt All Racist Tours : [Part 3]

HART was a national organisation that operated from 1969 until 1980. It started with the campaign against the Springbok-All Black Rugby Tours of 1970 and preventing other sporting contacts with South Africa. In 1980 HART merged with the National Anti-Apartheid Committee, becoming HART:NZAAM.

Halt All Racist Tours : [Part 2]

HART was a national organisation that operated from 1969 until 1980. It started with the campaign against the Springbok-All Black Rugby Tours of 1970 and preventing other sporting contacts with South Africa. In 1980 HART merged with the National Anti-Apartheid Committee, becoming HART:NZAAM.

Episcopal Church People for Southern Africa

Collection of materials including:
Correspondence on "Free Mandela" appeals from the Committee of Southern Africa and responses from the US Department of State. Correspondence on "Free Mandela" appeals from Centre against Apartheid. Correspondence "Free Mandela" appeals from Africa Resource Center (CA, USA). Correspondence "Free Mandela" appeals from General Theological Seminary (NY, USA. Correspondence from The Episcopal Churchmen for Southern Africa (NY, USA) sent to among others, the US President advocating for freeing of South African and Namibia political prisoners. Several leaflet copies of the "Free Mandela" campaign. Text of Nelson Mandela's Rivonia Trial speech published by Christian Action and printed by A G Bishop & Sons Ltd (Kent, UK). News clippings on the situation in South Africa in the early 1980s including strike action by labour unions, condemnation of the government by church organizations, Mrs. Helen Suzman's visit of Robben Island and meeting Mr. Nelson Mandela and Mr. Andimba Toivo Ja Toivo, restricted family visits by Winnie Mandela, free Mandela campaigns conducted both in South Africa and around the world,

Episcopal Church People for Southern Africa

Halt All Racist Tours : [Part 1]

HART was a national organisation that operated from 1969 until 1980. It started with the campaign against the Springbok-All Black Rugby Tours of 1970 and preventing other sporting contacts with South Africa. In 1980 HART merged with the National Anti-Apartheid Committee, becoming HART:NZAAM.

Episcopal Church People for Southern Africa

Collection of materials including:
News clippings on the situation in South Africa in 1991 regarding, among others, ANC National working committee nominations, reports of spies within the ANC. Discussion document on structures and principles of a constitution for a Democratic South Africa. Press statements by the ANC. Statements by Nelson Mandela and Oliver Tambo during an ANC national conference held between second and 7th July 1991 in Durban, South Africa. ANC resolutions on various issues including strategy and tactics, building the ANC, violence, negotiations, and foreign policy. Correspondence with Jennifer Davis of the Africa Fund.

Episcopal Church People for Southern Africa

Episcopal Church People for Southern Africa

News clippings in English concerning the situation in South Africa during the 1991 and 1992 period at the time of the negotiations.

Episcopal Church People for Southern Africa

Hackney Trades Council

The Hackney Trades Council was a trade union organisation that was involved in a wide variety of local and national campaigns and issues, including the anti-apartheid movement.

Episcopal Church People for Southern Africa

Collection of materials including:
News clippings on the situation in South Africa in the 1991 regarding, among others, pledges by foreign governments to support the ANC. Public perceptions of the ANC as a political force, ANC's fundraising campaigns, Reports of police agents amongst the ANC official structures, reports of violence in townships, tensions between SACP and ANC, and Mr. Nelson Mandela's overseas visits to push for the continuation of sanctions. Press statement by the ANC dated June 1991.
A copy of "Front File" publication dated August 1991.

Episcopal Church People for Southern Africa

Episcopal Church People for Southern Africa

Collection of materials including:
News clippings on the situation in South Africa in 1990 regarding the negotiations processes. Report from a working group of the Groote Schuur Minute. Journal article titled "Negotiations about what in South Africa?" by Heribert Adam and Kogila Moodley published in 1989 in the Journal of Modern African Studies Vol. 27 No. 3. Analysis report on the Pretoria Minute by the Southern Africa Project of the Lawyers' Committee for Civil Rights under Law.

Episcopal Church People for Southern Africa

Episcopal Church People for Southern Africa

Collection of materials including:
News clippings on the situation in South Africa in the mid 1980s the South African governments views on releasing Nelson Mandela and possibility of the negotiation between the ANC, South African government. The blockade of Lesotho, the arrest of Mrs. Winnie Mandela and Nelson Mandela's rejection of conditional release offer. Publication "Talking the ANC" dated June 1986
Press release by ANC's observer mission to the United Nations dated 26 June 1985.

Episcopal Church People for Southern Africa

Friends of Africa

Friends of Africa (FOA) was formed in 1967 by two members of the New South Wales branch of the Building Workers’ Industrial Union. The group carried on the work of the Action Committee against Apartheid. The FOA was very active among trade unions and participated in campaigns of other Australian anti-apartheid groups as well. It gave direct support to the liberation movements.

Episcopal Church People for Southern Africa

People for Southern Collection of material including:
News clippings on the situation in South Africa in the mid 1980s including violent incidences in different parts of South Africa, unrest in townships, riot police clashes with protesters, resistance campaigns by students, press statements condemning the apartheid system by both Zenani Mandela as well as Allan Boesak. Appeals to support for Winnie Mandela by the Episcopal Church Africa.

Episcopal Church People for Southern Africa

Free South Africa Committee

The Free South Africa Committee operated in Edmonton. It was a community-based organisation that supported the boycott of South Africa and was also involved in direct material support of the liberation movements in South Africa, Namibia and Zimbabwe. It was especially active in schools in Edmonton.

Episcopal Church People for Southern Africa

Collection of materials including:
News clippings in English from newspapers in the US and UK concerning the situation in South Africa during the 1960's. Text of Nelson Mandela's Rivonia Trial speech published by Christian Action and printed by A G Bishop & Sons Ltd (Kent, UK). Draft resolutions by the Executive Council of Episcopal Church on the Church's financial involvement with American banks that are members of a consortium extending credit to the South African government . Two copies dated 1968 and 1969 of newsletters published by the Information Service of South Africa. Open letter from The World Student Christian Federation titled The Banks and Apartheid. Testimony of Reverend Robert Chapmen presented at the hearing of the Executive and Finance Committee of the Executive Council of the Episcopal Church in 1969.

Episcopal Church People for Southern Africa

Rivonia Trial, 1963-1964

This South African material at this repository was collected by Thomas Karis for "From Protest to Challenge" and is in the Karis-Gerhart Collection of South African Political Trials. It contains the following on the Rivonia Trial:
-MF-451 Neg. MF: Rivonia Sabotage Trial: Not an official transcript. File consists of defence attorney's detailed notes on transcript, analyses of evidence and exhibits. Also includes the indictment. 4 reels
-MF-2611 Neg. MF-966: The Rivonia Trial, J G Joffe and M Koff. Microfilm of typescript. 1 reel.
-MF-10791 reel 35 item 6: Rivonia: Operation Mayibuye: A Review of the Rivonia Trial, H H W de Villiers with a foreward by Francis Napier Broome.

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Episcopal Church People for a Free South Africa (USA)

Episcopal churchmen for South Africa: various issues 1956-1987
Episcopal church people for a free South Africa: various issues 1986- 1989
Special report: The church makes a decision on South Africa/ Banks, Episcopal churchmen for
South Africa, 1 September 1987
Namibia- Formula for independence? Episcopal church people for a free Southern Africa,
January 1989
Episcopal churchmen for South Africa, brochure 1958
St Christopher's school Usuthu Mission,1989
Your witness, July 1969
I am a loyal Namibian 1973
Namibia 1978
Elizabeth Schmidt : One step in the wrong direction, revised edition January 1985
Various handouts and leaflets

Episcopal Church People for a Free South Africa (USA)

Magnus Gunther Collection

Collection contains research for book he intended to write on the National Committee for Liberation (NCL)/African Resistance Movement (ARM). The book was not completed before his death. Four items in the collection relate to the Rivonia Trial:
PC170/7/3/3/3: Copy of interview with Bob Hepple by Lt. Swanepoel, Lt. van Wyk and D/Seargent van Zyl at the Grays, Johannesburg (9-8-63). Hepplie furnished information to these three on three conditions: 1. Information would not be used against him in any prosecution; 2. He would not be used as a State Witness; 3. He would be protected from disclosure as a source of information.
PC170/7/3/3/4: Copy of notes on Bob Hepple (in Afrikaans)
PC170/7/3/2/14: Copy of interview with Denis Goldberg by Howard Barrell, London, 7 February 1990
PC170/7/3/2/16: Copy from National Archives of a classified telegram (now declassified)) from Department of State Control no. 14548. Summary of information on Denis Goldberg, 19 May 1964

Gunther, Magnus

Frances E. Williams

Frances E. Williams was a notable African-American actress and activist in Los Angeles from the early 1940s until her death in 1995. As an activist, she was an outspoken advocate for social justice and equality, and her political activism spanned outside her local community to around the world. She was most notably involved in the South African anti-apartheid movement and communist solidarity activities, including the National Anti-Imperialist Movement in Solidarity with African Liberations (NAIMSAL), the Los Angeles Chapter, and Art against Apartheid.

Association of Western European parliamentarians Against Apartheid (AWEPAA after 1993 AWEPA and African Europen Institute)

Materials documenting the work of the Washington Office on Africa, founded in 1972 to support freedom struggles in Southern Africa. Included in the collection are:
Tributes to Nelson Mandela, some of which commemorate his 65th birthday. US House Resolution 430 entitled the Mandela Freedom Resolution, calling for Mandela's release from prison, and the lifting of state imposed banning orders on Winnie Mandela.
Nelson Mandela's visit to the United States after his release from prison, the establishment of International Reception Committee to promote and co-ordinate activities during his visit to the United States.

Washington Office on Africa

Foundation X-Y Movement [Stichting X-Y Beweging]

The X-Y Movement started in 1973 and it received its funds from its members. Its main aim was to support liberation movements and work towards international structural change. It was active in boycott campaigns, gave direct support to liberation movements, and organised information activities. It also supported the work of the national AAMs.

National Intelligence Agency Archive

Inventory accessed contains one manuscript (bound photocopy in three parts) in Nelson Mandela's handwriting: "How to be a Good Communist; Dialectical Materialism; Political Economy". Preceding the manuscript are two pages from Mandela's Statement from the Dock (pages 45 and 46) and a photocopy of a sub-file indicating what the manuscript is about and that is was seizd at Rivonia.

There may be other records related to the Rivonia Trial in this archive

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Voices from Robben Island

16 mm Film with separated sound, unedited footage of interviews with former Robben Island prisoners. The footage used in the making of the documentary, "Voices from Robben Island." Interviewees include Nelson Mandela, Walter Sisulu, Ahmed Kathrada, Andrew Mlangeni, Govan Mbeki, Mac Maharaj, Neville Alexander, Eddie Daniels Kwedie Mkallipi, Jacob Zuma, Seth Mazibuko, Terror Lekota, James Gregory, Mike Green, Sisulu's and Mlangenis visiting the island,Wild Sounds buzz, Wedding cake, Maqoma burial, and Steve Tshwete. Also includes scenes of prison life on Robben Island, and interviews with warders.

Schadeberg, Jürgen

Tanzania Military Museum

Correspondence on the Unity movement of South Africa 1982. OAU liberation committee correspondence reference made to Mr. Nelson Mandela 1969- 1979.

African Liberation Committee

Mandela Materials Database

The Mandela Materials Database is a guide to the Mandela archive located with the Nelson Mandela Centre of Memory and Dialogue and elsewhere. Both local and international repositories have been surveyed for any material on Mr Mandela to include in the database. The purpose of this database is to point researchers to the relevant repositories holding the actual archival material. Although much of the material identified in the database does not relate directly to the Rivonia Trial, it has been referenced here as Mandela was one of the main protagonists in the Rivonia Trial. Any material directly related to the Rivonia Trial as been cross-referenced in this database.

Nelson Mandela Foundation (NMF)

Foundation Malibongwe [Stichting Malibongwe]

The Foundation Malibongwe was initiated by the AABN in 1988 to organise a women’s conference with ANC women and women from inside South Africa to exchange information and to discuss gender policies for a new South Africa. The foundation closed down in 1991.

African National Congress records in Tanzania

Missions and establishment of foreign representation of ANC in Tanzania for South African Freedom fighter on behalf of the oppressed people. 1961. Alfred Nzo statement to the OAU 6 June mentions Nelson Mandela 1963. Correspondence to the OAU liberation committee 1964. Statement to the OAU coordinating committee 1966. Bantustans and the meaning of Verwoerd's Bantustans. Press release to Mandela by I.B. Tabata addressing the society of young Africans. APDUSA report 1967. Correspondence on the South African freedom fighters by HIA Ugwa 1967. Correspondence with ANC- PAC 1967. Correspondence to Mbele from the OAU liberation committee 1971. A clarion call on all South Africans on a united struggle : South African refugee. Memorandum from the South African freedom fighters to Hon Manana- Presidents personal assistant state house - Dar es Salaam
Cancellation of the united front 1974.

African National Congress (ANC)

South African Documents and Press Clippings Collection

Documents and press clippings concerning various topics related to South African politics and government. Includes press clippings on four political trials: Bram Fischer Trial, Rivonia Trial, Trial of 22, Breyten Breytenbach Trial.

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African National Congress records in Tanzania

African National Congress (SA). Proceedings of the ANC 48th National Conference 1991. Statement of the deputy president of the African National Congress at the opening of the ANC National Conference July 1991. Strategy and tactics document. Rebuilding the organisation- document. Closing address of Nelson Mandela

African National Congress (ANC)

Finnish Africa Committee

The FAC started in 1970 and organised information campaigns for trade unions, and political parties. It established, together with the Finnish Peace Committee, the fundraising organisation Peace Fund in 1973 to support liberation movements in Southern Africa. It focused more and more on apartheid as from the late 1970s and organised boycott campaigns.

The National Security File: Country File: Africa, Union of South Africa

The National Security File was the working file of President Johnson's special assistants for national security affairs, McGeorge Bundy and Walt W Rostow.
Vol. 1, 11/63 - 10/64; vol. 2, 11/64 - 9/66; vol. 3, 10/66 - 9/68 contain scattered references to the Rivonia Trial.

This repository may include other references to the Rivonia Trial in Presidential correspondence, National Security Memoranda, White House Central Files, Office Files of White House Aides. These were not confirmed in this audit.

Johnson, Lyndon B.

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